goffin



F. C. GOFFIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

LOCK FOR ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES I. GAYLOR.

SAFES, 85o.

Specification of Letters Patent N o. 8,559, dated December 2, 1851.

To all whom z' may concern.'

Be it known that I, F. C. Gorriti, of New York, in the county and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSafe-Locks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description of the construction and operation of the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, for1n ing part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1, is a frontview of the plate to whichis attached the slide and mechanism for operating the same. Fig. 2, is aview of the inner side of do. Fig. 3 is a view of the back plate of thelock, to which is attached the principal 'part of the mechanism of thesame, viz: the bolt, levers, tumblers, stumps etc., etc., in this viewlthe stud on the talon is within the curved slot in the tumblers and thewhole may be operated similar to an ordinary lock. Fig. 4, is the sameview as Fig. 3, with the exception of the stud and talon which are indierent positions, the talon being thrown up and the stud consequentlyon the outer side of the tumblers.V Fig. 5, is a view of the inner sideof the front plate of the lock, showing the lever by which the catch isremoved that supports or holds up the talon. Fig. 6, is a view of oney*of the collars which is attached to the outer plate. Fig. 7, is a Viewof a knob, which passes through the collar and operates one of thecircular disks. Fig. 8, is a top or birds eye view of a series oftumblers. Fig. 9, is a View of the bit of the key.v

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each of theseveral,

figures.

My invention consists in arranging and combining a talon with a seriesof tumblers, said talon having a stud upon it and so arranged that whenthe stud is within a curved slot in the tumblers the key may act uponthe talon and bolt, but when the stud is thrown out of the curved slot,and above the outer surfaces of the tumblers, the key cannot act uponthe bolt: the stud therefore must be brought within the curved slotsbefore the bolt can be withdrawn or acted upon by the key; thisarrangement etfectually prevents the lock from being picked.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I willproceed to describe its construct-ion and operation.

A, Figs. l, and 2, is the outer plate which is placed directly in frontof the lock, the lock being attached to it by screws. Fig. 1, shows theouter surface, and Fig. 2, the inner surface of the plate.

B, Fig. l, is the escutcheon.

C, is the key hole.

D, D, are the knobs.

E, E, are collars which are stationary and attached to the outer surfaceof the plate.

F, F, Fig. 2, are the two circular disks which are turned by the knobsD, D, these disks having tubes attached to them at their centers whichpass through the plate the tubes having small recesses c, cut in them ontheir outer ends as seen in Fig. 6, the knobs pass through these tubes,and the projectlons a, a, on the shanks of the knobs catch into therecesses in the ends of the tubes and cause the disks to be turned whenthe knobs are turned; this will be understood by referring to Fig. 6 and7, y', j, are the slots in the disks, the disks are kept in their properposition against the inner side of the plate by the arms b, b, whichencompass the inner ends of the tubes see dotted lines in Fig. 2.

F', is the slide which is represented as covering the key hole in Fig.2; cl, d, are the arms attached to the slide precisely as shown in thegure; the slide moves between suitable stumps e, e, e, e.

Gr, is the lever having its fulcrum at f, and attached to the slide atg.

t, is the spring which acts upon the lever i is the lug or stud attachedto the pivot of the escutcheon.

Operation: Suppose the escutcheon B, to be moved o the key hole c, andin the position as represented in Fig. l, the disks E, E, and arms CZ',CZ, would then be in the position as represented in Fig. 2, the slide F,covering the key hole. It will be seen that while the escutcheon is inthis position the lug or stud a', is not in contact with the lever Gr,and consequently the spring 7L, acts upon the lever which causes theprojections on the arms CZ,l d, to catch into the recesses or teeth onthe peripheries of the disks E, E, thus preventing the disks from beingturned. Now suppose the escutcheon to be brought directly over the keyhole, the lug or stud z', would then be in the position as indicated bythe dotted red lines and would act upon the lever G, throwing back theprojections on the ends of the4 arms cZ, (Z, sufficiently to clear theteeth on the peripheries of the disks while the escutcheon is in thisposition the disks may be turned by the knobs D, D, and if a personknows which numbers on the knobs and collars should -come opposite eachother in order to bring the slots j, j, in the disks directly oppositethe arms QZ, d, hemoves the knobs accordingly and the spring ZL,operating upon the lever Gr, will shoot the arms in the slots by movingthe escutcheon past the key hole so that the lug or stud i, will clearthe lever G, and the slide F, will pass the key hole. The disks can onlybe turned while the escutcheon covers the key hole as will be seen byreferring to Fig. 2, if the es` cutcheon is moved past the key hole andbe in the position as indicated by the black dotted lines in Fig. l,then the lug or stud z', would be in the position as represented by theblack dotted lines in Fig. 2, it would not be in contact with the leverGr, and the lever would consequently be controlled by the spring ZL, andthe disks secured or prevented from turning, by reason of theprojections on the ends of the arms catching into the recesses on theperipheries of the disks as before stated.

It is necessary to change occasionally the relative position of thenumbers or figures on the knobs and collars if this could not be donethe whole arrangement would be valueless, as the numbers would soon begenerally known. The relative position of the numbers or figures arechanged in the following manner: The shanks of the knobs D, have arecess Z6, out round them near their ends see Fig. 7. The knobs aresecured in the tubes in the center of the disks E, E, by the slots Z, Z,in the levers H, H, the upper and lower edges of the slots tting in therecess. These levers H, H, are connected by pivots m, m, to a bar I; nowwhen thebar I, is drawn or moved in the direction indicated by the arrowtill the circular opening n, n, in the slots which are larger indiameter than the Shanks, are opposite the ends of the shanks, the knobsmay then be withdrawn and replaced. The relative position of the numberson the knobs and collars being changed as desired, when the knobs arereplaced the bar I, is moved back to its original position and securedby the catches J. The bar I can only be operated upon when the safe dooris open, as the edge or catch J, is then only exposed.

I will now describe the lock which constitutes the second part of theinvention.

K, Figs. 3 and 4;, represent the back plate of the lock.

L, is the bolt which slides between appro- ,the upper part.

t, is a stump it being the center on which the tumbler is hung.

P,'is a lever or catch hung on the same center as the tumbler.

u, is the stump or pin on which the key turns, in Fig. 3, the bolt isrepresented as being thrown forward and is in a locked state, now whilethe several parts are in the position as represented in Fig. 3, the boltL, may be withdrawn or unlocked merelyby turning the key in the ordinaryway, viz, from left to right, the bit of the key raising the end of thelever M, and freeing the catch o, on the opposite end of the lever fromthe stump o, the bit in turning acting upon t-he end of the talon orlever N, and shooting back the bolt, the sprino w, throwing up the endof the lever M, which end was depressed in unlocking and keeping thecatch against the stump o, thus far the operation is merely that of anordinary lock. I refer again to Fig. 3. Now suppose that a second turnor revolution isr given the key after the bolt has been shot forward andis in a locked state, it will be then seen that the bit of the key will-throw up the end of the talon or lever N,

the stud g, being on the outside of the tumblers, and the catch y, onvthe talon bearing against the stump e, preventing the bolt L from beingshot back. The talon being held upv by the lever or catch P, which isbrought directly under the projection R, of the talon by the spring S,when the talon is raised.

Fig. 4 represents the position of the several parts when a secondrevolution has been given the key, when in this state, the key cannotact upon the bolt, it may be turned in the lock any number of times, butwith no effect, the talon or lever N, must be let down the catch yrelieved from the stump .2- and the stud Q, be in the curved slot s, ofthetumbler, as seen in Fig. 3, before the key can act upon the bolt.

In order to let down the talon a lever T, is attached to the front plateK; see Fig. 5, which represents the inner side of the front plate. a',represents the fulcrum of the lever. 'The position of the lever T whenthe front plate is secured on the lock is seen by the dotted lines inFig. 4, when the key is placed a certain distance in the key hole theback edge of thebit of the key by turning the same fronfrright to leftwill act upon the lever T, the end fu', of which comes in contact withthe stud b', on the catch P. This operation relieves the projection R,on the talon N, of the catch P,

and the talon falls till the stud g touches the edge of the tumbler. Thekey is then to be pushed in as far as it will go and turned from left toright about one-third of a `revolution by which means the tumbler `willact upon the talon and throw the stud g on the o-uter side of thetumbler the key then of course is turned as before described and thebolt shot back or unlocked. Other devices than the lever T, may be usedfor operating the catch P. I do not confine myself to any particularmethod.

I have described only lone tumbler O, in order to prevent confusion andplace the construction and operation of the lock in a simple light, butmany tumblers may be used. They have all. the same center z', but theirsprings bear against the stump V.

Fig. 8, represents a top or birds eye view o a series of tumblers withthe recesses or passages c', through which the stud g, must pass inorder to reach the curved slot s, which is in all the tumblers; theserecesses c', are cuts in the tumblers at dilierent distances on theiredges as will be seen by referring to Fig. 8, and the bit of the keymust be so formed as to move each tumbler the required distance in orderto bring the recesses or passages c, in line so that the stud g, canpass through, hence the dihculty of picking the lock and theimpossibility of making a suitable key without dissecting the lock.

Fig. 9 shows about the form of, bit that would be required in order tobring the several recesses c', in line.

I do not claim the knobs D, D, and collars E, E, with the numbers onthem for the purpose of serving as indexes, as they have been previouslyusedneither do I claim a series of tumblers as those described for theyhave also been previously used but What I do claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

The talon N, with the stud q, attached to it, in combination with aseries of tumblers O, having curved slots 0, in them, said talon andtumblers operating as described, viz: the talon being thrown up by thekey during its second revolution and the stud g, in consequence placedon the outer side of the tumblers, the talon being held up by the catchP, the catch y, on the talon bearing against the stump e, and preventingthe bolts from being moved back or withdrawn. The talon N, requiring tobe let down when the bolt is to be withdrawn, so that the stud g maywork or slide in the curved slot o, in the tumblers, and the catch y, befree from the stump e, the bit of the key, in turning, acting upon theend of the talon and shooting back the bolt substantially as described.

F. C. GOFFIN. Witnesses:

O. D. MUNN, L. H. WALES.

